päästöoikeusjärjestelmiin

Päästöoikeusjärjestelmä, often translated as the emissions trading system or cap-and-trade system, is a market-based mechanism designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The core principle involves setting a limit, or cap, on the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by covered entities. Within this cap, allowances, or permits, are issued, with each allowance representing the right to emit one tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Companies that emit less than their allocated allowances can sell their surplus to companies that exceed their limits. This creates a financial incentive for polluters to reduce their emissions, as they can either save money by emitting less or generate revenue by selling excess allowances. Conversely, companies that emit more must purchase allowances, incurring costs that encourage them to invest in cleaner technologies and practices. The system aims to achieve emission reduction targets in the most cost-effective way by allowing the market to determine the most efficient ways to cut pollution.

The European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) is one of the largest and most prominent examples of such a system. It covers a significant portion of the EU's greenhouse gas emissions from industrial installations, power plants, and aviation within the European Economic Area. The system's effectiveness is monitored and reviewed, with adjustments made to the cap and other parameters over time to ensure that emission reduction goals are met. The concept of päästöoikeusjärjestelmä is a key tool in many jurisdictions' climate change mitigation strategies.