pääkaupunkikysymys

The "pääkaupunkikysymys" refers to the historical debate and discussion surrounding the designation of a capital city in Finland. This question was particularly prominent during the 19th century when Finland was an autonomous Grand Duchy within the Russian Empire.

Turku, the former capital of Sweden-Finland and the largest city for centuries, was initially the de facto administrative center. However, its distance from St. Petersburg, the capital of the ruling empire, and its perceived lack of strategic importance led to discussions about a new, more central location.

In 1812, Tsar Alexander I moved the capital to Helsinki. This decision was driven by a combination of factors, including Helsinki's closer proximity to Russia, its potential for development, and a desire to diminish the influence of Swedish heritage represented by Turku. The move was intended to strengthen ties with the Russian Empire and foster Finnish national identity under Russian rule.

The relocation of the capital to Helsinki was a significant event, leading to substantial investments in the city's infrastructure and development. While Turku retained its historical and cultural significance, Helsinki gradually grew into the political, economic, and cultural hub of Finland, a status it holds to this day. The "pääkaupunkikysymys" therefore chronicles a pivotal moment in Finnish history and the formation of its modern state.