optometría

Optometría is the healthcare profession focused on examining the eyes for defects or diseases and prescribing corrective lenses and procedures when needed. Optometrists are primary vision care providers who have been trained to recognize a wide array of common and some serious eye and vision conditions. They are educated in the anatomy, physiology, and optics of the eye.

The scope of optometry practice varies by country and region. In many places, optometrists are licensed to examine the eyes, diagnose and treat vision problems, prescribe corrective lenses such as eyeglasses and contact lenses, and detect and manage certain eye diseases. This can include conditions like glaucoma, dry eye syndrome, and conjunctivitis. Some optometrists are also trained in providing pre- and post-operative care for eye surgery patients.

The process of an optometric examination typically involves several steps. This includes taking a patient's medical and visual history, performing visual acuity tests, checking eye muscle coordination, assessing depth perception, and measuring peripheral vision. Tonometry is often used to measure intraocular pressure, which is a key indicator for glaucoma. Additionally, optometrists may use specialized equipment like a slit lamp to examine the structures of the eye in detail and a fundus camera to photograph the back of the eye.

Regular eye examinations by an optometrist are important for maintaining good vision and detecting potential eye health problems early, when they are often more treatable. Optometrists play a crucial role in public health by ensuring individuals have clear vision and healthy eyes throughout their lives.