optokuplör

An optocoupler, also known as an optoisolator or photocoupler, is an electronic component that facilitates the transfer of electrical signals between two isolated circuits using light. It typically consists of a light-emitting diode (LED) and a photosensitive semiconductor device, such as a phototransistor, photodiode, or photoresistor, enclosed within a single package. The LED and the photosensor are positioned such that the light emitted by the LED strikes the photosensor.

When a current flows through the LED, it emits light. This light then activates the photosensitive device. The output of the photosensitive device changes in response to the incident light, thereby transmitting the signal from the input circuit to the output circuit. The crucial aspect of an optocoupler is the electrical isolation it provides between the input and output sides. This isolation is achieved because the signal is transferred optically, not through a direct electrical connection.

Optocouplers are widely used in applications where it is necessary to protect sensitive electronic circuits from high voltages, noise, or electrical transients present in another part of the system. They are commonly found in power supplies, motor control circuits, digital logic interfaces, and communication systems. The degree of isolation can vary depending on the specific optocoupler design and its intended application.