oppivelvollisen

Oppivelvollinen is a Finnish term that refers to a person who, by law, is required to attend primary and upper secondary school. The concept is derived from the Finnish Education Act and places a legal obligation on children and young adults to receive education. It covers children aged six to sixteen, as well as students at the beginning of upper secondary education, who must attend one of the official schools within their municipality. The law applies to all residents of Finland, irrespective of nationality, and it is enforceable by local education authorities and the Ministry of Education.

The purpose of oppivelvollisuus is to guarantee equal access to basic education and to promote social development. Parents or legal guardians are responsible for ensuring that the oppivelvollinen attends school; school authorities can intervene if attendance is insufficient. The law also sets out rights for the oppivelvollinen: they are entitled to a suitable curriculum, qualified teachers, and necessary support services. Exemptions are available only in specific circumstances, such as serious health issues or if the child is being educated at home under a licensed program.

The legal framework governing oppivelvollinen is a core element of Finnish educational policy. It establishes mandatory attendance, outlines the obligations of parents and schools, and provides mechanisms for monitoring and enforcement. The system is frequently highlighted as a model of universal compulsory education, contributing to high literacy rates and a well‑educated workforce.