ondergrondonderzoek

Ondergrondonderzoek, also known as subsurface investigation or geotechnical investigation, is a systematic process to determine the characteristics of the ground beneath the surface. This is crucial for a wide range of construction and engineering projects, from building foundations and bridges to tunnels and pipelines. The primary goal is to understand the soil and rock layers, their properties, and the presence of any groundwater.

The process typically begins with desk studies, reviewing existing geological maps, soil reports, and historical data. This is followed by site reconnaissance to observe surface conditions and identify potential hazards. The core of undergrondonderzoek involves intrusive methods. These can include boreholes, where soil or rock samples are extracted using drilling equipment. The extracted samples are then analyzed in a laboratory to determine their composition, strength, and other geotechnical parameters. In-situ testing, such as cone penetration tests (CPTs) or standard penetration tests (SPTs), are also performed directly in the ground to assess its resistance and characteristics without removing samples. Geophysical methods, like seismic surveys or ground-penetrating radar (GPR), can provide non-intrusive insights into subsurface conditions over larger areas.

The data gathered from undergrondonderzoek is vital for designing safe and economical structures. It helps engineers select appropriate foundation types, estimate settlement, assess bearing capacity, and identify potential risks like landslides or soil liquefaction. Without thorough subsurface investigation, projects could face unexpected difficulties, increased costs, and potential structural failures.