omheffen

Omheffen is a Dutch verb that means “to surround,” “to enclose,” or “to protect by encircling.” In contemporary usage it can refer both to a physical action—such as a fence, wall or crowd that encloses a space—and to a figurative sense, for example a protective measure or a collective effort that shields something from external influence. The infinitive form is omheffen, the past participle omheven, and the present participle omheffend.

Etymologically, omheffen is a compound of the preposition om (“around”) and the verb heffen, which originally meant “to lift” or “to raise.” The combination therefore conveys the idea of “lifting around” or “raising a barrier all around.” The verb appears in Middle Dutch texts from the 13th century, though its most common modern meanings settled during the Early Modern period when the notion of enclosing became more associated with protective or defensive contexts.

Grammatically, omheffen is a regular weak verb in Dutch. It conjugates as ik hef om, jij heft om, hij/zij/het heft om in the present tense, and the past tense follows the pattern ik hefde om. The verb can be used transitively, taking a direct object (e.g., “De politie omheft het gebied” – “The police enclose the area”), or intransitively in some dialectal forms.

In contemporary Dutch, the verb appears in various domains, including urban planning (“omheffen van een park”), security (“omheffen van een pand”), and social movements (“omheffen van een protest”). Related terms include “omsluiten” (to encircle) and “omgeven” (to surround), which share overlapping but distinct nuances.