oksygenaser

Oksygenaser is a family of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of oxygen atoms. These enzymes play crucial roles in a wide variety of biological processes, including metabolism, detoxification, and biosynthesis. They are characterized by their ability to incorporate oxygen into substrate molecules, often utilizing molecular oxygen (O2) as a co-substrate. The specific reaction catalyzed by an oksygenase depends on its classification.

There are two main types of oksygenaser: monooxygenases and dioxygenases. Monooxygenases incorporate one atom of oxygen from O2 into the substrate, while the other atom is reduced to water. Dioxygenases, in contrast, incorporate both atoms of oxygen from O2 into the substrate. This enzymatic activity is essential for the breakdown of many organic compounds, including pollutants, and for the synthesis of vital biomolecules such as steroids and neurotransmitters. Many oksygenaser require cofactors, such as iron or flavin-containing prosthetic groups, to carry out their catalytic functions. Dysfunction of these enzymes can lead to various diseases, highlighting their fundamental importance in maintaining health.