okrzemkowe

Okrzemki, also known as diatoms, are a major group of algae, specifically unicellular protists. They are characterized by their unique cell wall, called a frustule, which is composed of silica. This frustule is intricately patterned and often exhibits remarkable symmetry, making diatoms a popular subject for microscopy and scientific study. Diatoms are found in nearly every aquatic environment, from oceans and lakes to rivers and even damp soil. They play a crucial role in ecosystems, as they are primary producers, forming the base of many aquatic food webs. Through photosynthesis, they convert carbon dioxide into organic matter and release oxygen, contributing significantly to the Earth's atmosphere. Their silica frustules can accumulate over time in sediments, forming diatomaceous earth, a porous material with various industrial applications, including filtration, abrasives, and as a component in toothpaste and reflective paints. The diversity of diatom species is immense, with estimates suggesting hundreds of thousands to over a million different types, each adapted to specific environmental conditions. Their fossil record is extensive, providing valuable insights into past climates and environmental changes.