ogólna

Ogólna is the feminine singular form of the Polish adjective ogólny, meaning general, broad, overall, or universal. It is used to describe feminine nouns and signals a non-particular, wide scope. Examples include ogólna zasada (general principle), ogólna charakterystyka (general description), ogólna teoria względności (the general theory of relativity), and ogólna ocena (overall assessment).

In Polish, ogólna contrasts with masculine ogólny and neuter ogólne, and it shares a common root with the noun ogół, meaning the whole or the aggregate. The noun form ogólność expresses generality. The adjective typically appears in formal, academic, or technical contexts, where it helps distinguish broad aspects from specifics.

Usage notes: ogólna agrees with the gender and number of the noun it modifies. It is often used to indicate general principles, wide-area summaries, or universal characteristics rather than detailed or case-specific facts. Related constructions include phrases such as w ogólnym zarysie (in broad outline) or ogólne wnioski (general conclusions).

Common contrasts include szczœgółowy or szczególny, which emphasize detail or particularity. While ogólna can describe broad trends or common practices, it should not be confused with more abstract terms like ogólność, which refer to the quality of being general, rather than to any specific object.

Ogólna remains frequent in scientific, legal, and educational writing, and it appears in well-known titles such as Ogólna teoria względności, illustrating its role in standard expressions for broad, overarching concepts.