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og- refers to the Open Graph protocol’s namespace used in HTML meta tags to describe a webpage for social media sharing. The abbreviation og stands for Open Graph, and the properties are written with a colon, such as og:title, og:type, og:url, og:image, og:description, og:site_name, and og:locale. These tags are placed in the head of a web page and provide structured metadata that social platforms can read when the page is shared.

The core purpose of the og- tags is to control how a link appears as a rich preview. Common properties include og:title for the display title, og:description for a summary, og:url for the canonical page URL, og:type to indicate the kind of object (for example, website, article, or video), og:image for a representative image, and og:site_name to show the source site. Additional properties can specify image and media details, locale settings, and more. When a user shares a link, social crawlers retrieve these values to render a card or preview with consistent branding and messaging across platforms.

Open Graph was introduced by Facebook in 2010 to standardize content presentation across social networks. It has since become a de facto standard on the web, supported by many platforms beyond Facebook. While not a formal W3C standard, og- tags are widely recognized and often complemented by platform-specific tags, such as Twitter Cards, to tailor previews for different ecosystems. Effective use of og- tags can improve link visibility and click-through, though accuracy and up-to-date metadata remain important to avoid misleading previews.