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Oesophagitis is an inflammation of the esophagus, the muscular tube that connects the throat to the stomach. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, irritation from acid reflux, or damage from certain medications or substances. Symptoms may include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, and a sensation of a lump or food bolus stuck in the throat. Diagnosis typically involves endoscopy, a procedure where a thin, flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the esophagus to visualize the area.

Treatment options depend on the underlying cause. For infections, antibiotics may be prescribed. For acid reflux, lifestyle changes such as eating smaller meals and avoiding trigger foods may be recommended. In severe cases, medications like proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers may be necessary. In some instances, surgery may be required to repair damage to the esophagus. Prevention involves maintaining a healthy diet, avoiding irritants, and managing conditions like acid reflux.