odwracalnego

Odwracalny is a Polish adjective meaning reversible or capable of being turned back to its original state. It is used to describe processes, transformations, or reactions that can proceed in both directions without leaving permanent changes to the system.

In scientific contexts the term often appears with reference to idealized concepts. In thermodynamics, a proces odwracalny is a reversible process that occurs quasi-statically with the system in internal equilibrium, producing negligible entropy. In chemistry, a reakcja odwracalna is one where products can react to form reactants, allowing the system to reach chemical equilibrium. Real-world processes are typically irreversible to some extent due to dissipative effects, friction, or finite gradients.

Grammar and etymology: odwracalny is formed from the verb odwrócić (to reverse) with the suffix -alny, yielding the base forms odwracalny (masculine), odwracalna (feminine), and odwracalne (neuter). The genitive singular masculine/neuter form is odwracalnego, while the genitive feminine is odwracalnej. The word appears in declined forms such as odwracalnego in compound phrases (for example, cecha odwracalnego procesu or zjawisko odwracalnego przebiegu) depending on grammatical case and gender.

Related terms include odwracalność (reversibility) and nieodwracalny (irreversible). The concept spans science, mathematics, and linguistics, where it denotes the possibility of returning a system to a previous state or of a transformation that can occur in reverse.