occlusális

Occlusal refers to the surfaces of the teeth that meet during chewing. Specifically, it describes the biting surfaces of the posterior teeth, which include molars and premolars. The term can also be used to describe the relationship between the upper and lower teeth when they come into contact, a field known as occlusion. This relationship is crucial for proper chewing function, speech, and maintaining the overall health of the temporomandibular joint and supporting structures.

The occlusal surface is characterized by cusps, which are pointed or rounded projections, and fossae, which are depressions. These features are designed to interlock with the opposing teeth, creating an efficient grinding and tearing action for food. Wear patterns on the occlusal surfaces can provide valuable diagnostic information about a person's bite and habits. Dental professionals assess the occlusal relationship to identify potential problems such as malocclusion, bruxism (teeth grinding), or premature contacts that could lead to discomfort or damage. Restorations like fillings and crowns are designed to replicate the natural occlusal anatomy to ensure proper function.