nóvember

November is the eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December. It is one of seven months that contains 30 days and is traditionally considered part of autumn in the Northern Hemisphere and spring in the Southern Hemisphere. The name "November" derives from the Latin word *novem*, meaning "nine," as it was originally the ninth month of the ancient Roman calendar, which began in March. After the calendar was reformed in 153 BCE to align with the solar year, January and February were added, shifting November to its current position.

November is notable for several cultural and historical observances. In the United States, it is associated with Thanksgiving, a national holiday celebrated on the fourth Thursday of the month, honoring the harvest and giving thanks. Other significant dates include Veterans Day (November 11), which commemorates military veterans, and the start of American Diabetes Association’s Diabetes Awareness Month. Internationally, November 1 is All Saints' Day, a Christian holiday honoring saints and martyrs, while November 11 is also Armistice Day in many countries, marking the end of World War I.

The month has a reputation for being one of the coldest in the Northern Hemisphere, often experiencing early winter weather, including frost and early snowfall. In contrast, the Southern Hemisphere experiences milder temperatures, with autumn transitioning into winter. November is also a time for various seasonal activities, such as bonfires, fireworks, and the preparation for the holiday season.

Meteorologically, November is part of the late autumn period in the Northern Hemisphere, with decreasing daylight hours and increasing storm activity. The month is also recognized for its association with the "November Effect," a perceived decline in stock market performance historically observed in the United States, though this trend has been debated among economists.