névutóhasadék

Névutóhasadék, also known as *nevezőhasadék* or *nevezőhasadékos táj*, refers to a type of geological and hydrological phenomenon found primarily in Hungary, particularly in the Great Hungarian Plain (Alföld). This landscape feature is characterized by a network of shallow, elongated depressions, or "valleys," that form due to the erosion of soft, sedimentary rock layers, such as clay and loess, by surface runoff and groundwater processes.

The term "névutó" translates to "carrying water" or "water-bearing," while "hasadék" means "crack" or "rift." These depressions often collect rainwater, forming temporary ponds or marshes, especially during wet seasons. The landscape is typically flat, with slight undulations, and the depressions may align in parallel patterns, influenced by underlying geological structures.

Névutóhasadék areas are ecologically significant, as they provide habitats for unique flora and fauna adapted to seasonal water fluctuations. Historically, these landscapes were used for agriculture, though their suitability for farming is limited due to waterlogging and poor drainage. In some regions, they have been modified through drainage projects to improve land usability.

The phenomenon is most notable in the southern part of the Great Hungarian Plain, particularly in counties like Bács-Kiskun, Csongrád, and Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok. Similar features can be found in neighboring regions of Serbia, Romania, and Ukraine, where comparable geological conditions exist. Conservation efforts focus on preserving these wetlands as vital ecosystems and cultural landscapes.