näkövikat

Näkökikat, or refractive errors, are common vision conditions where the eye does not focus light correctly onto the retina. This leads to blurry or distorted vision. The most prevalent types are myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), astigmatism, and presbyopia.

Myopia occurs when the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too curved, causing distant objects to appear blurry. Hyperopia happens when the eyeball is too short or the cornea is not curved enough, making close-up objects difficult to see clearly. Astigmatism is characterized by an irregularly shaped cornea or lens, resulting in blurred vision at all distances. Presbyopia is an age-related condition where the lens loses its flexibility, making it harder to focus on near objects.

These conditions are typically diagnosed through a comprehensive eye examination by an optometrist or ophthalmologist. Treatment options include corrective lenses such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, which bend light to compensate for the refractive error. In some cases, refractive surgery, like LASIK or PRK, may be considered to permanently reshape the cornea and improve vision. Early detection and correction of näkövikat are important for maintaining good vision and preventing potential complications.