nyelvtervezési

Nyelvtervezés refers to the systematic design and development of languages. This can encompass a wide range of activities, from creating entirely new languages from scratch (conlangs) to modifying and standardizing existing ones. The goals of language planning can vary significantly, including the need for a common language in a multilingual society, the desire for a more logical or expressive communication tool, or even artistic and fictional purposes.

The process often involves establishing a phonology, morphology, syntax, and lexicon. For constructed languages, these elements are typically created by the language designer. In the case of existing languages, planning might focus on codification, which involves creating dictionaries and grammars, or on standardization, aiming to establish a unified form of the language for official use, education, and media. Language planning can also address issues of language maintenance, revitalization, or the introduction of new vocabulary to accommodate technological or social changes.

Examples of language planning range from international auxiliary languages like Esperanto, designed for global communication, to fictional languages created for literature and film, such as Klingon from Star Trek. It can also be seen in the development of national languages, where historical processes and deliberate efforts have shaped the modern forms of languages spoken today. The field of language planning is interdisciplinary, drawing on linguistics, sociology, political science, and education.