nyelcszáróizom

Nyelcszáróizom, also known as the hyoglossus muscle, is one of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue. It is a broad, thin muscle that originates from the body and greater horn of the hyoid bone and inserts into the side of the tongue. Its primary function is to depress and retract the tongue.

The hyoglossus muscle plays a crucial role in various oral functions, including swallowing, speech articulation, and the formation of the bolus. During swallowing, it helps to pull the tongue backward and downward, facilitating the movement of food from the oral cavity to the pharynx. In speech, its action contributes to the precise movements of the tongue required for producing different sounds.

Innervation of the hyoglossus muscle is provided by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII). This nerve controls the motor functions of the tongue, enabling coordinated muscle activity.

Disorders affecting the hyoglossus muscle can lead to difficulties with tongue movement, which may manifest as problems with eating, speaking, or swallowing. Conditions such as stroke or neurological diseases can impact the function of this muscle. Understanding the anatomy and function of the nyelcszáróizom is important in the diagnosis and treatment of these conditions.