nucleosomesduring
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin, consisting of approximately 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins (two each of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). A linker histone, H1, binds the DNA between nucleosomes and helps compact chromatin into higher-order structures. The position and composition of nucleosomes influence DNA accessibility and gene regulation.
During transcription, nucleosomes are reorganized to permit RNA polymerase II access. Chromatin remodelers slide, evict, or
During DNA replication, the replication fork disassembles nucleosomes ahead of the fork; parental histones are redistributed
During DNA repair, chromatin must be opened to allow lesion recognition and processing. Remodelers reposition nucleosomes,
In meiosis and development, nucleosome dynamics contribute to chromosome pairing, recombination, and cell fate. Variant histones