nitriittin

Nitriitti is the Finnish word for nitrite. Nitrite is a chemical compound with the formula NO2-. It is the anion of nitrous acid. Nitrites are salts of nitrous acid, such as sodium nitrite (NaNO2) and potassium nitrite (KNO2).

In nature, nitrites are formed from the bacterial reduction of nitrates. This process is part of the nitrogen cycle. Nitrites play a role in various biological processes, including neurotransmission.

Industrially, nitrites are produced by the reaction of nitrogen oxides with alkaline solutions. Sodium nitrite is the most common form. It has several important applications. One significant use is as a preservative in cured meats, where it helps to prevent the growth of Clostridium botulinum, the bacteria that causes botulism. It also contributes to the pink color and characteristic flavor of cured meats.

Nitrites are also used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and explosives. In medicine, they have been investigated for their potential role in treating certain cardiovascular conditions.

However, nitrites can also be a concern for human health. When nitrites are ingested, they can react with amines in the stomach to form nitrosamines, which are known carcinogens. This is why there are regulations regarding the amount of nitrite allowed in food products. The conversion of nitrates to nitrites in vegetables and in the body also contributes to the overall nitrite intake.