nitraattidioksidia

Nitraattidioksidi, also known as nitrogen dioxide, is a chemical compound with the formula NO2. It is a reddish-brown gas at room temperature and pressure. Nitrogen dioxide is a significant air pollutant and is primarily produced from the combustion of fossil fuels. Major sources include emissions from vehicles, power plants, and industrial processes. It is also formed naturally by lightning strikes and biological processes.

In the atmosphere, nitrogen dioxide plays a crucial role in the formation of smog and acid rain. It contributes to the formation of ground-level ozone, which can harm respiratory health and damage vegetation. When NO2 dissolves in water, it can form nitric acid, a component of acid rain. Exposure to high concentrations of nitrogen dioxide can cause respiratory problems, including inflammation of the airways, reduced lung function, and increased susceptibility to respiratory infections. Individuals with asthma are particularly vulnerable.

Nitrogen dioxide is also an intermediate in the industrial production of nitric acid, which is used in fertilizers, explosives, and other chemicals. It can be detected by its characteristic brown color. Environmental regulations often set limits on nitrogen dioxide emissions due to its adverse effects on human health and the environment.