ninakõrvalurkeid

Ninakõrvalurked, known in English as paranasal sinuses, are air-filled cavities within the bones of the skull. They are lined with mucous membranes and are connected to the nasal cavity. Humans typically have four pairs of these sinuses: the frontal sinuses located in the forehead, the maxillary sinuses in the cheekbones, the ethmoid sinuses situated between the eyes, and the sphenoid sinuses deep within the skull.

The primary functions of the paranasal sinuses are not fully understood, but several theories exist. They are thought to lighten the weight of the skull, contribute to voice resonance, and warm and humidify inhaled air. Additionally, the mucous membranes within the sinuses produce mucus that helps trap and remove foreign particles, contributing to the respiratory system's defense mechanisms.

Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses is known as sinusitis. This condition can be caused by infections (viral, bacterial, or fungal), allergies, or structural abnormalities within the nasal passages. Symptoms of sinusitis often include facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, a runny nose, and reduced sense of smell. While most cases of sinusitis resolve on their own, chronic or severe cases may require medical treatment.