neurourological

Neurourology is a subspecialty of urology and neurology that focuses on the study and treatment of urinary tract disorders resulting from nervous system conditions. It bridges the disciplines of neurology and urology to address the complex interplay between the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and the bladder and bowel functions.

Conditions treated by neurourology often involve damage or dysfunction of the nerves that control micturition (urination) and defecation. This can include issues such as urinary incontinence, urinary retention, overactive bladder, neurogenic bladder, and bowel dysfunction. These problems can arise from a variety of neurological diseases and injuries, including spinal cord injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, spina bifida, diabetes, and pelvic surgery complications.

The diagnostic process in neurourology typically involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and urodynamic studies. Urodynamics are a set of tests that evaluate how well the bladder, sphincters, and urethra work together to store and release urine. Other diagnostic tools may include imaging studies of the brain and spinal cord, nerve conduction studies, and cystoscopy.

Treatment approaches are tailored to the specific neurological condition and the resulting urinary or bowel symptoms. They can range from conservative measures like behavioral therapies, bladder training, and dietary modifications to pharmacological interventions. In some cases, surgical procedures or the use of medical devices like intermittent catheters or neurostimulators may be employed to manage symptoms and improve quality of life for patients with neurourological conditions.