neuraminidnaasin

Neuraminidase inhibitors, commonly referred to as neuraminidase inhibitors, are a class of antiviral drugs used to treat and prevent influenza. They work by inhibiting the neuraminidase enzyme, which is essential for the release of new influenza viruses from infected cells. This inhibition prevents the spread of the virus and reduces the severity of symptoms.

The most well-known neuraminidase inhibitors are oseltamivir (brand name Tamiflu) and zanamivir (brand name Relenza). Oseltamivir is an oral medication, while zanamivir is administered via inhalation. These drugs are typically used in the early stages of influenza to reduce the duration and severity of symptoms.

Neuraminidase inhibitors are particularly effective against influenza A viruses, which are the most common cause of seasonal influenza. They are less effective against influenza B viruses, which do not have a neuraminidase enzyme that can be targeted by these drugs.

The use of neuraminidase inhibitors is generally well-tolerated, but they can cause side effects such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. In rare cases, they may also cause more serious side effects, including liver toxicity and seizures.

Neuraminidase inhibitors are an important component of influenza treatment and prevention strategies. They are often used in combination with other antiviral drugs, such as adamantanes, to provide broader protection against different types of influenza viruses. However, their use is typically limited to the early stages of infection, as they are most effective when taken within 48 hours of symptom onset.