negatsiooniga

Negatsiooniga is a term used in Estonian linguistics to denote a construction or phrase that carries negation. It is formed from the noun negatsioon, meaning “negation,” plus the comitative suffix -ga, yielding negatsiooniga, meaning “with negation.” The form is primarily used in linguistic descriptions to indicate that a clause or phrase includes a negation element, rather than to specify a distinct grammatical mood.

In Estonian, negation is typically expressed with the particle ei placed before the finite verb (for example, Ma ei tea seda). The word mitte is used to negate adjectives, nouns, or copular phrases (for instance, See on mitte raske). Because negatsiooniga refers to the presence of negation rather than a specific tense or conjugation, it is most common in grammars, dictionaries, and teaching materials as a label for sentences or constructions that contain negation.

Examples: a sentence such as Ma ei tea is an negatsiooniga lause. Another example is See pole mitte lihtne, where negation appears via mitte. In linguistic descriptions one may encounter phrases like negatsiooniga laused to refer to such sentences, or negatsiooni konstruktsioonid to discuss ways negation is built into phrases.

Etymology and usage context: the Estonian term negatsiooniga mirrors the general practice of labeling grammar with nouns followed by -ga to express “with X.” The concept is mainly found in academic contexts and language-learning resources, providing a concise way to describe and analyze the presence of negation in sentences.