nanokapseli

A nanokapseli is a type of nanoparticle that encapsulates a specific substance within a core structure, surrounded by a polymeric shell. These structures are engineered at the nanoscale, typically ranging from 1 to 1000 nanometers in diameter. The core material can be a drug, a cosmetic ingredient, a diagnostic agent, or even a food additive, while the shell is usually made of biocompatible and biodegradable polymers.

The primary function of a nanokapseli is to protect the encapsulated substance from degradation, control its release rate, and improve its delivery to a target site. This controlled release mechanism is achieved by designing the polymeric shell to break down or dissolve gradually over time, or in response to specific environmental triggers such as pH changes, temperature, or enzymatic activity. This allows for sustained therapeutic effects, reduced dosage frequency, and minimized side effects.

In pharmaceuticals, nanokapseli are extensively researched for targeted drug delivery, enhancing the efficacy of treatments for diseases like cancer. They can be designed to accumulate in tumor tissues, delivering the therapeutic agent directly to the affected cells while sparing healthy ones. In cosmetics, nanokapseli are used to deliver active ingredients like vitamins and antioxidants to the skin, improving their stability and penetration. Their potential applications also extend to food science for encapsulation of flavors, nutrients, and antimicrobials, and in agricultural science for controlled release of pesticides and fertilizers. The development and application of nanokapseli are ongoing fields of research with significant promise across various industries.