mónófosfat

Mónófosfat refers to a chemical compound containing one phosphate group. In organic chemistry, it typically denotes an ester of phosphoric acid with one alcohol group. A common example is adenosine monophosphate (AMP), a nucleotide that plays a crucial role in biochemistry. AMP is a building block of RNA and is also involved in energy metabolism, being a component of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). Inorganic mónófosfat, often simply called orthophosphate, is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid. It is a fundamental nutrient for plants and animals and is a key component of biological molecules such as DNA and RNA, as well as phospholipids which form cell membranes. In industrial applications, mónófosfates are used in fertilizers, detergents, and food additives. The term mónófosfat highlights the presence of a single phosphate moiety within a larger molecule or as a standalone ion.