méréS

Mérés is the process of quantifying an attribute of a phenomenon or object by comparing it with a reference standard and assigning a numeric value. It encompasses determining length, mass, time, temperature, electric charge, and many other properties. A measurement typically consists of a quantity, a unit, and an estimate of uncertainty.

In Hungarian usage, the term covers the same range as the English word measurement and is fundamental to science, engineering, trade, and daily life.

The concept has ancient roots, but the modern framework is metrology, the science of measurement. Metrology is commonly divided into scientific metrology (defining units and constants), industrial metrology (quality assurance in manufacturing and testing), and legal metrology (regulations governing measurement in commerce and public safety).

Key concepts include units and dimensions, the distinction between accuracy and precision, and the role of uncertainty. Traceability links measurements to international reference standards through calibration, ensuring comparability across instruments and laboratories. Reproducibility and proper uncertainty analysis are essential for data reliability.

Measurement relies on instruments and methods, from simple rulers and scales to high-precision interferometers and sensors. Calibration against known references, routine maintenance, and thorough documentation are critical for reliability. Measurements underpin fields as diverse as construction, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and scientific research.

See also: metrology; SI units; calibration; uncertainty analysis.