museologia

Museology, or museum studies, is the interdisciplinary field that analyzes museums, their roles, and their practices. It covers planning, management, interpretation of collections and exhibitions, as well as conservation, documentation, and audience engagement.

The field draws on history, anthropology, archaeology, art history, information science, and education. Core activities include collection development, curatorial planning, exhibition design, conservation, cataloging, education programs, and governance. Museum professionals—curators, conservators, registrars, educators, and directors—collaborate to acquire objects, document holdings, design programs for diverse audiences, and ensure ethical and legal compliance. International standards and the ICOM Code of Ethics shape practice.

Historically, museology grew as museums moved from cabinets of curiosities to public, educational institutions. In recent decades it has embraced digital curation, virtual exhibitions, open data, and community- and decolonial approaches that emphasize inclusivity and access. Training programs and degrees in museology prepare practitioners to manage collections, design experiences, and address policy, funding, and ethical issues.

Museology serves as a bridge between scholarship and public heritage, supporting preservation while promoting learning, dialogue, and civic participation. It remains dynamic as technology and governance reshape how societies value and engage with museums.