munuaissiirtojen

Munuaissiirto, also known as kidney transplantation, is a surgical procedure where a diseased or damaged kidney is replaced with a healthy kidney from a donor. This procedure is typically performed when a patient's kidneys have failed, a condition known as end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and dialysis is no longer sufficient or desired. The new kidney can come from a living donor, often a family member or friend, or from a deceased donor. Before a transplant can occur, a rigorous evaluation process is undertaken to ensure the recipient is healthy enough for surgery and that there is a compatible donor. Compatibility is assessed through blood type and tissue typing to minimize the risk of the recipient's immune system rejecting the new organ.

The surgery itself involves connecting the donor kidney's blood vessels and ureter (the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder) to the recipient's body. In most cases, the recipient's original kidneys are left in place unless they are causing specific problems. After the transplant, recipients must take immunosuppressant medications for the rest of their lives to prevent their immune system from attacking and rejecting the new kidney. Regular medical follow-ups and monitoring are crucial to manage medication levels, detect early signs of rejection, and address any potential complications. A successful kidney transplant can significantly improve a patient's quality of life, reduce mortality, and free them from the constraints of dialysis.