mujeres

Mujeres (Spanish for women) is the term used to refer to adult human females and to describe women as a gender group in Spanish-speaking cultures. The plural form is used in sociology, law, and everyday language to refer to women collectively. The singular is mujer; etymology traces to Latin mulier, related to other Romance languages' terms for woman.

Historically, women's roles have varied across cultures and periods, from leadership in certain societies to largely domestic duties in others. Over the 19th and 20th centuries, many countries extended rights such as education, property ownership, voting, and work participation, often through organized movements and legal reforms. Today, women participate across all sectors, though differences persist in access to education and employment in some regions, and in pay gaps and representation.

Contemporary issues include gender equality, violence against women, reproductive rights, and political representation. International frameworks such as CEDAW address discrimination against women and promote equal opportunities. Data show progress in literacy and higher education, yet persistent disparities remain in income, leadership roles, and access to health care in various countries. Societal and cultural norms continue to influence experiences of women worldwide.