morsi

Mohamed Morsi (Arabic: محمد مرسي; 8 August 1951 – 17 June 2019) was an Egyptian engineer and politician who served as the fifth President of Egypt from June 2012 to July 2013. He was a leading figure in the Muslim Brotherhood and led the Freedom and Justice Party, the Brotherhood’s political arm, after the 2011 revolution.

Morsi studied electrical engineering at Cairo University, earning a bachelor's degree in 1975, and received a PhD in engineering from the University of Southern California in 1982. He taught engineering at universities in Egypt and later became a prominent political figure during and after the 2011 uprising that toppled President Hosni Mubarak.

Following the 2011 revolution, Morsi ran for president in Egypt’s first post-revolution elections and was elected in 2012, defeating former prime minister Ahmed Shafik in the runoff. His presidency pursued constitutional reform and policy measures aimed at stabilizing the economy, while triggering significant domestic polarization and international attention over the role of political Islam in Egypt.

On 3 July 2013, the military ousted him after large-scale protests against his government. He remained in custody and faced several trials on charges including incitement to violence and suspected involvement in security offenses tied to the 2011–12 protests. His legal proceedings continued during his detention.

Morsi died on 17 June 2019 in Cairo while in custody, after collapsing during a court session. Officials attributed his death to illness. He remains a controversial figure: supporters view him as the first democratically elected Egyptian president who faced an undemocratic overthrow, while critics note the broader political and legal controversies surrounding the Muslim Brotherhood’s influence in Egypt.