momentinmuuntaja

A momentinmuuntaja, or torque converter, is a type of fluid coupling that transfers rotating mechanical power from a prime mover, such as an internal combustion engine, to a rotating driven load. It is commonly used in automatic transmissions in vehicles. The torque converter allows the engine to continue running while the vehicle is stopped, and it multiplies torque when the vehicle is starting from a stop.

The basic components of a torque converter are the pump, the turbine, and the stator. The pump is connected to the engine's crankshaft and contains vanes that spin. This spinning action throws transmission fluid outwards, creating a flow. This fluid then strikes the vanes of the turbine, which is connected to the transmission's input shaft, causing it to rotate. The stator is located between the pump and the turbine. Its purpose is to redirect the fluid returning from the turbine back to the pump in a way that increases torque. When the engine speed is significantly higher than the transmission's output speed, the stator redirects the fluid flow to oppose the rotation of the pump, effectively multiplying the engine's torque. As the vehicle speed increases and approaches the engine speed, the stator's angle changes, reducing its torque multiplication effect and allowing the converter to function more like a simple fluid coupling. The fluid within the torque converter also serves to lubricate and cool the components.