mobilitets

Mobilitets, or mobility, refers to the ability of people and goods to move within and between places. In policy and planning contexts, the concept covers transportation systems, land use, and the social and economic dimensions of movement. It includes physical mobility—travel by walking, cycling, driving, or public transit—as well as functional mobility, such as access to jobs, education, health care, and services. The term also encompasses social and economic mobility, describing how individuals can change their socioeconomic status over time, often influenced by opportunities to move.

Mobility is shaped by infrastructure, geography, technology, and policy. Urban planning aims to create accessible, efficient networks with safe pedestrian and cycling environments, reliable transit, and convenient gateways for goods. Measurement uses indicators such as travel time, network coverage, modal split, reliability, affordability, and accessibility for people with disabilities. Developments such as Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS), electrification, and autonomous vehicles influence future mobility, alongside changes in work patterns and e-commerce.

Challenges include congestion, climate and air quality impacts, inequitable access, and high costs of investment. Sustainable mobility emphasizes reducing car dependency, promoting public transit, walking, cycling, and efficient freight. Good mobility supports economic opportunity, social inclusion, and resilience, while limited mobility can reinforce segregation and economic disparities.