mluveném

Mloveným is the instrumental singular form of the Czech past passive participle and adjective mluvený, meaning "spoken" or "uttered." It describes something that has been spoken or expressed verbally. The form originates from the verb mluvit (to speak) with the derivational suffix -en-, which yields a participle that functions as an adjective in modern Czech.

As an adjective in instrumental case, mloveným agrees with the noun it modifies in gender and number. In masculine or neuter instrumental singular it appears as mloveným, while in feminine instrumental singular the form is mlavenou. In practice, mluveným is commonly used with masculine or neuter nouns in phrases such as mluveným projevem (with a spoken/uttered speech) or mluveným slovem (by spoken word). It often occurs in formal, literary, or analytical contexts to emphasize that something has been spoken rather than written.

Usage notes include that mloveným denotes the state of being spoken rather than the act of speaking itself; for the act, Czech typically uses forms derived from mluvit or the noun mluvení (speech, utterance). The word is mainly employed in descriptive or evaluative sentences describing communication, tone, or expression that has been conveyed verbally.

See also: mluvení; mluvený; mluvit.