mittauspiirien

Mittauspiirit, or measurement circuits, are fundamental electronic circuits designed to measure physical quantities. These circuits typically convert a physical phenomenon into an electrical signal that can be processed, displayed, or recorded. The process begins with a sensor that detects the physical quantity, such as temperature, pressure, light, or displacement. This sensor then transforms the physical input into a change in an electrical parameter like voltage, current, resistance, or capacitance.

Following the sensor, the measurement circuit often includes amplification and signal conditioning stages. Amplifiers are used to increase the often small signal from the sensor to a usable level. Signal conditioning may involve filtering to remove unwanted noise, linearization to compensate for non-linear sensor responses, or conversion between different signal types. Analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are frequently employed to translate the conditioned analog signal into a digital format for further processing by microcontrollers or computers.

The output of a measurement circuit can take various forms. It might be a direct digital reading on a display, an analog voltage proportional to the measured quantity, or a digital data stream transmitted to another device. Examples of measurement circuits are found in thermometers, pressure gauges, light meters, and weigh scales, playing a crucial role in scientific research, industrial automation, and everyday electronic devices. The accuracy and reliability of a measurement circuit depend on the quality of the sensor, the precision of the electronic components, and the design of the overall circuit.