mitralnej

Mitralnej is the feminine genitive or locative form of the Polish adjective mitralny, used to describe something related to the mitral valve or the mitral apparatus of the heart. In medical Polish, the term appears in phrases such as zastawka mitralna, zastawka mitralna annulus, or aparat mitralny. The root mitral derives from Latin mitralis, a term historically linked to the bishop’s mitre, and its use in cardiology denotes the valve located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Anatomy and function of the related structures: The mitral valve (zastawka mitralna) consists of two leaflets—the anterior and posterior—supported by chordae tendineae and papillary muscles. It serves to permit blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle during diastole and to prevent backflow during systole. The surrounding mitral apparatus includes the annulus and subvalvular structures that stabilize leaflet motion.

Clinical relevance: Pathologies associated with the mitral apparatus include mitral stenosis (zwężenie zastawki mitralnej), mitral regurgitation (niedomykalność mitralna), and mitral valve prolapse (prolaps mitralny). These conditions can affect cardiac efficiency and may be diagnosed with auscultation, echocardiography, and other imaging modalities. Treatment ranges from medical management to surgical or percutaneous interventions, depending on severity and patient factors.

See also: zastawka mitralna, stenoza mitralna, niedomykalność mitralna, prolaps mitralny, aparat mitralny.