metrizamide

Metrizamide is a non-ionic iodinated contrast medium used primarily in diagnostic imaging procedures. Its chemical structure features a tri-iodinated benzene ring attached to a glucose derivative, which confers water solubility and a low osmolality. This low osmolality is crucial as it reduces the physiological stress on the body compared to older, ionic contrast agents, leading to fewer adverse reactions. Metrizamide was one of the earlier non-ionic contrast agents developed.

Its primary applications included myelography, computed tomography (CT) scans, and angiography. In myelography, it was introduced into the cerebrospinal fluid to visualize the spinal canal and its contents, aiding in the diagnosis of conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and tumors. In CT scans, it was administered intravenously or orally to enhance the visibility of blood vessels, organs, and tissues, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy for a wide range of pathologies. Similarly, in angiography, it allowed for the detailed imaging of arteries and veins.

However, the use of metrizamide has largely been superseded by newer generations of non-ionic contrast media that offer even greater safety profiles and improved imaging characteristics. While historically significant, it is less commonly encountered in current clinical practice.