metafyysiset

Metafyysiset is a Finnish term that refers to things pertaining to metaphysics, the branch of philosophy that studies the nature of reality beyond the physical. The term can function as an adjective (metafyysiset kysymykset) or as a noun phrase when referring to metaphysical matters in general. It is used across philosophy, theology, and literary criticism to denote questions about being, substance, causality, time, space, mind, and God.

Etymology and scope: The word is built from meta- meaning beyond and physika/physics, with Finnish adaptations such as metafyysinen and metafyysiset. In Finnish discourse, metafyysiset topics cover what lies beyond empirical investigation and include discussions of necessity, universals, identity, and possible worlds; they are often contrasted with the empirical or physical domain (fyysinen).

Usage: In academic writing, phrases like metafyysiset oletukset (metaphysical assumptions) or metafyysiset näkökulmat (metaphysical perspectives) are common. Debates may concern metaphysical realism versus anti-realism, materialism versus idealism, and the status of a priori knowledge.

History: Metaphysical inquiry has roots in classical philosophy and medieval scholasticism, continuing as a central theme in modern philosophy. In Finnish scholarship, metafyysiset discussions have been used since at least the 19th or early 20th century to label debates about what lies beyond the observable world.

See also: Metaphysics, Ontology, Epistemology, Finnish philosophy.