membraanipõhised

Membraanipõhised refer to technologies or processes that rely on membranes for their function. Membranes are selectively permeable barriers that allow certain molecules or substances to pass through while blocking others. This property makes them incredibly useful in a wide range of applications.

In water treatment, membrane filtration processes such as reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration are used to remove contaminants, salts, and other impurities, producing clean and safe drinking water. Similarly, in desalination, membranes are crucial for separating salt from seawater.

The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries utilize membranes for separation and purification of biological molecules like proteins and antibodies. Dialysis, a medical procedure for kidney failure patients, is also a membrane-based technology that removes waste products from the blood.

In gas separation, membranes can be used to enrich or separate different gases from a mixture, for example, in the production of pure oxygen or nitrogen. The food and beverage industry employs membrane technology for processes like concentration, clarification, and fat removal.

The effectiveness of membrane-based systems depends on the type of membrane used, its pore size, material composition, and the operating conditions. Ongoing research focuses on developing new membrane materials with improved selectivity, durability, and efficiency to expand their applications further.