measuresselfreport
Self-report measures are instruments in which respondents provide information about their own thoughts, feelings, behaviors, or characteristics. They are widely used in psychology, health, education, and social sciences to assess subjective states such as mood or pain, as well as behaviors like smoking, sleep patterns, or adherence to treatment.
Formats include Likert-type scales (for example 1 to 5 or 1 to 7), semantic differential scales, frequency
Psychometric properties are central to self-report measures. Reliability refers to consistency, including internal consistency and test-retest
Advantages include efficiency, scalability, and direct access to subjective experience. Limitations include susceptibility to bias, measurement
Notable applications include mental health screening (PHQ-9, GAD-7), quality-of-life assessments (SF-36, EQ-5D), and behavior inventories. Ethical