marihuana

Marihuana is a term used for the dried leaves, flowering tops, and accessory resinous parts of the Cannabis plant, typically Cannabis sativa or Cannabis indica. The spelling marihuana is an older variant of marijuana, but both refer to the same substance when used recreationally or medicinally.

THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive compound in marihuana. Other cannabinoids, notably CBD (cannabidiol), along with terpenes, contribute to its effects and flavor. The potency varies by cultivar, processing, and storage.

People use marihuana for recreation, cultural practices, or medical purposes. Medical use is approved in many places for chronic pain, nausea from chemotherapy, spasticity, and certain conditions, though evidence and regulation vary.

Acute effects include euphoria, altered perception, impaired coordination, and increased appetite. Potential risks include anxiety, paranoia, memory impairment, and, with frequent use in adolescents, potential impacts on development. Dependence and withdrawal are recognized.

Legal status varies: some jurisdictions allow medical use, decriminalize possession, or permit adult use; others prohibit possession and sale. In many countries, hemp products with very low THC are regulated separately.

Archaeological and historical records show cannabis use dating back thousands of years; in the 20th century many jurisdictions criminalized it, leading to continuing debates about health, safety, and social impacts.