mHydroxybenzonitrile

mHydroxybenzonitrile, also known as 3-hydroxybenzonitrile, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C7H5NO. It is a derivative of benzonitrile, where a hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to the meta position of the benzene ring. This compound appears as a white to off-white crystalline solid at room temperature. Its molecular weight is approximately 119.12 grams per mole. mHydroxybenzonitrile is soluble in many organic solvents like ethanol and acetone, and it has limited solubility in water.

The synthesis of m-hydroxybenzonitrile can be achieved through various chemical routes, often involving the functionalization of benzonitrile or related aromatic compounds. It serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of more complex organic molecules, including pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and dyes. Its reactivity stems from both the nitrile group, which can undergo hydrolysis, reduction, or addition reactions, and the phenolic hydroxyl group, which can participate in etherification, esterification, or oxidation reactions. The meta-substitution pattern influences its chemical properties and reactivity compared to its ortho and para isomers. Safety precautions should be observed when handling m-hydroxybenzonitrile, as with many organic chemicals, due to potential irritation.