módus

Möödus is an Estonian verb form meaning "passed" or "elapped." It is the third-person singular past tense form of the verb mööduma, which means to pass by or to elapse. The form is used when the subject is singular and the action refers to time or a period that has gone by.

Grammatical notes: Möödus marks past time and is part of standard Estonian conjugation patterns for the verb mööduma. It denotes that something has completed its passage in the past. Other persons and numbers use corresponding past tense forms of mööduma.

Usage: Möödus is commonly used with references to time, events, or durations that have already occurred. For example, the sentence Aeg möödus kiiresti translates to "Time passed quickly." The verb can also describe the passing of longer periods, moments, or intervals in narrative or descriptive prose.

Related forms: The related participle adjective möödunud means "past" or "last" and is widely used in compound phrases such as möödunud aasta (the past/last year) or möödunud sajand (the last century). These forms help distinguish the sense of something that has already occurred from the act of passing itself.

Etymology and classification: Möödus comes from the Estonian verb mööduma, a native Finnic verb. It shares roots with other Finnic languages that express elapsing of time. The word is firmly established in standard Estonian and is widely used in written and spoken language.