lülivahekettad

Lülivahekettad, also known as intervertebral discs, are cartilaginous cushions that lie between the vertebrae of the spine. They act as shock absorbers, protecting the spine from stress and impact during movement. Each disc is composed of two main parts: the annulus fibrosus, a tough outer layer of fibrous cartilage, and the nucleus pulposus, a gel-like inner core. This structure allows the discs to absorb shock and distribute pressure evenly across the vertebrae.

The discs are essential for spinal flexibility and range of motion. They enable the spine to bend, twist, and extend. Over time, these discs can undergo degenerative changes, a process that can lead to various spinal conditions. Factors such as aging, genetics, and lifestyle can contribute to disc degeneration. This degeneration can manifest as dehydration of the nucleus pulposus, tears in the annulus fibrosus, or a decrease in disc height.

When a lülivaheketas is damaged or degenerates, it can cause pain and discomfort. Conditions such as herniated discs, where the nucleus pulposus protrudes through the annulus fibrosus, or degenerative disc disease, a general term for wear and tear on the discs, can result. These conditions can compress nearby nerves, leading to symptoms like back pain, leg pain, numbness, or weakness. Treatment for lülivaheketas issues often involves conservative measures like physical therapy, pain medication, and lifestyle modifications, though surgery may be considered in severe cases.