lubricatieregimes

Lubricatieregimes, commonly termed lubrication regimes, describe the modes of interaction between two solid surfaces separated by a lubricant film. They classify the extent to which the lubricant isolates surfaces and prevents direct asperity contact, influencing friction, wear and operating life of mechanical elements.

The main regimes are boundary, mixed (partial), elastohydrodynamic (EHL), and hydrodynamic (full-film) lubrication. In boundary lubrication, surface asperities contact directly and performance depends on surface chemistry and additives. Mixed lubrication features both asperity contact and fluid support. Elastohydrodynamic lubrication occurs in highly loaded rolling contacts where elastic deformation and a pressurized lubricant film combine to separate surfaces. Hydrodynamic lubrication involves a continuous fluid film generated by relative motion and geometry that fully supports the load.

Regime transitions depend on lubricant viscosity, entrainment speed, applied load, surface roughness and temperature. The Stribeck curve is a common representation relating friction coefficient to a dimensionless combination of these variables. Analytical and numerical models used to predict regimes include the Reynolds equation for fluid film flow and EHL theories that incorporate elastic deformation; empirical data come from tribometers, film-thickness sensors and surface metrology.

Understanding lubrication regimes guides material selection, lubricant formulation (base oil, viscosity modifiers, additives) and design of bearings, gears and engine components. Proper selection and maintenance reduce wear, scuffing and energy loss, improving reliability and efficiency across industrial and transportation applications.