lobeliads

Lobeliads are a diverse group of herbaceous flowering plants belonging to the family Campanulaceae, though historically they were placed in their own family, Lobeliaceae. They are found in a wide range of habitats across the globe, from tropical rainforests to temperate regions and even alpine environments. The name "lobeliad" refers to the genus Lobelia, which is the largest and most well-known genus within this group.

Characteristic features of lobeliads often include zygomorphic (bilaterally symmetrical) flowers, typically with a spurred or two-lipped corolla. The petals are usually fused to form a tube, with the upper lip often divided into two lobes and the lower lip into three. The stamens are also fused into a tube around the style. Leaves are usually arranged alternately on the stem and can be simple or toothed. Lobeliads exhibit a variety of growth forms, including annuals, perennials, shrubs, and even small trees.

Many lobeliad species are prized for their ornamental value, with popular garden plants like Lobelia erinus, known for its vibrant blue flowers, being a common example. However, some species, particularly within the genus Lobelia, contain toxic alkaloids and have been used historically for medicinal or even poisonous purposes. The ecological roles of lobeliads vary, with some species serving as important nectar sources for pollinators.