litij

Litij refers to the chemical element Lithium, with the symbol Li and atomic number 3. It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal that is highly reactive. Lithium is the least dense solid element and has the lowest melting point of any metal, though it is still higher than that of any non-metal.

In its pure form, lithium quickly tarnishes in air, forming a dark coating. It reacts vigorously with water, producing hydrogen gas and lithium hydroxide. Due to its high reactivity, lithium is typically stored under an inert liquid, such as mineral oil.

Lithium is found in trace amounts in most continental rocks and in the salt of the oceans. It is primarily extracted from brines and hard rock minerals. Significant reserves of lithium are found in South America, Australia, and China.

The most well-known application of lithium is in rechargeable batteries, particularly lithium-ion batteries, which power a wide range of electronic devices, including smartphones, laptops, and electric vehicles. Lithium compounds are also used in the production of glass and ceramics, lubricants, and in medicine for treating bipolar disorder. Research is ongoing into other potential uses for lithium, such as in nuclear fusion.