linkstateroutingprotokoll

Link state routing protocols are a class of dynamic routing protocols used in computer networks. Unlike distance-vector protocols, which rely on neighbors to report their routing tables, link state protocols build a complete map of the network topology. Each router in the network floods information about its directly connected links and their status to all other routers. This information is called a Link State Advertisement (LSA) or Link State Packet (LSP).

When a router receives an LSP, it stores it in a Link State Database (LSDB). Once a router has received LSAs from all other routers, it has a comprehensive view of the entire network. Using this LSDB, each router independently runs Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm, also known as the SPF algorithm, to calculate the best path to every destination network. The routes computed by the SPF algorithm are then installed into the router's forwarding table.

Key characteristics of link state protocols include faster convergence when network changes occur, as all routers are promptly informed of topology updates. They are also less prone to routing loops compared to distance-vector protocols. However, link state protocols generally require more processing power and memory on routers due to the LSDB maintenance and SPF calculation. Examples of link state routing protocols include Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS).